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How does an 'if ()...else' clause function?

  1. It checks two conditions simultaneously

  2. It only executes one part of the code regardless of the condition

  3. It performs one action if true, a different one if not

  4. It keeps checking multiple conditions

The correct answer is: It performs one action if true, a different one if not

An 'if ()...else' clause operates by evaluating a specific condition within the parentheses of the 'if'. If this condition evaluates to true, the code block following 'if' is executed. Conversely, if the condition is false, the code block following 'else' is executed. This structure allows for a clear and direct way to handle scenarios that require a decision-making process based on binary outcomes (true or false). The effectiveness of this construct lies in its simplicity, enabling programmers to control the flow of execution based on conditions. Therefore, when the condition is true, one action is taken, and when it is not, a different specified action occurs, making option C the accurate depiction of how the 'if...else' clause functions.